Class #9

Monday, October 28th, 2019

Grammar Translation Method

Teacher's Role:

The teacher is just guiders because this method deals with the memorization of rules, manipulation of rules, manipulation of the morphology, and syntax of the foreign language. It requires few specialized skills on the part of teachers because the test of grammar rules and translation are easy to construct and be objectively scrod. The facilitator main function is that of observation rather than corrective intervention in regards to the learners.

Students' Role:

Students are expected to memories an endless list of grammar rules and vocabulary and produce almost perfect translations. This method means a tedious experience and often creates frustration for students. Main activities and controls are started by the students, he or she is the one who provides the course of the learning process and the status of knowledge as well.

Direct Method

Teacher's Role:

In this method, the role of the teacher is to direct the class activities, encourage students to participate in the class by asking them questions constantly, and corrects their mistakes immediately. Something really important in this role is that students and teachers are partners in the learning process. On the other hand, the student role is less passive than in the grammar-translation method.

Students' Role:

The students’ role in this method is the active learner. They are active in exploring new words, expressions, etc. in the target language.  The students are also the observer and practitioner. In this the method, the students observe the target language used by the teacher in teaching and they try to get the meaning based on the demonstration given and then they will practice the target language they observed and they use it to communicate with their friends and teacher in the classroom.

Task Based Learning

Teacher's Roles:

In classroom context mode, opportunities for genuine, real-world type discourse are frequent and the teacher plays a less prominent role, taking a back seat and allowing learners all the space they need. The principal role of the teacher is to listen and support the interaction, which often takes on the appearance of a casual conversation outside the classroom. (Nunan, 2004). Nunan, states a very interesting description of what learner roles tend to appear in the process of doing a task. However, again to be more specific, the following are precise roles put in practice by teachers for the students in the learning process.

1.   Selector and Sequencer of Tasks

2.   Preparing Learners for Tasks

3.    Consciousness-Raising

Students' Roles:

These include:

1.   The learner is a passive recipient of outside stimuli

2.   The learner is an interactor and negotiator who is capable of giving as well as taking.

3.   The learner is a listener and performer who has little control over the content of learning.

4.   The learner is involved in a process of personal growth.

5.   The learner is involved in a social activity, and the social and interpersonal roles of the learner cannot be divorced from psychological learning processes.

6.   The learner must take responsibility for his or her own learning, developing autonomy and skills in learning-how-to-learn.

  

Communicative Language Teaching

Teacher's Role:

This type of classroom tends to be learner-center, which means that the educator acts as a facilitator and monitor who models successfully communication and establishes an environment that encourages communication.

Students' Role:

The students do much of the speaking and often work in pairs or groups to complete tasks cooperatively. In this approach, is not the teacher’s job to prevent and correct all errors. The students are communicators, they are actively engaged in trying to make themselves understood.

Audio-lingual Approach

Teacher's Role:

The teacher is like an orchestra leader, directing and controlling the language behavior of her students. She is also responsible for providing her students with a good model for imitation.

Students' Role:

Students are imitators of the teacher’s model or the tapes she supplies of model speakers. They follow the teacher’s directions and respond as accurately and as rapidly as possible.

Cooperative Learning

Teacher's Role:

In this particular method, the teacher teaches students social skills so that they can work together more efficiently. The teacher’s initial role is primarily as a counselor, so he skillfully understands and supports his students in their struggle to master the target language.

Students' Role:

Students should be active, and work hard to collaborate with their peers. Students feel responsible for their own and the group's effort and encourage and support others.